Qitzur Shulchan Arukh – 188:1-2

סִימָן קפח – הִלְכוֹת פִּקָּדוֹן

188: Laws of Deposits

א: הַמַּפְקִיד מָעוֹת אֵצֶל חֲבֵרוֹ, עַתָּה בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה שֶׁכָּל עֲסָקֵינוּ בְּמַשָּׂא וּמַתָּן וְהַכֹּל צְרִיכִין לְמָעוֹת, מִן הַסְּתָם נִתְרַצָּה הַמַּפְקִיד, שֶׁהַנִּפְקָד יוֹצִיאֵן כְּשֶׁיִצְטָרֵךְ. וְלָכֵן מֻתָּר לוֹ לְהוֹצִיאָן, וַהֲרֵי הֵן אֶצְלוֹ כְּמוֹ מִלְוָה, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן גִּלָּה הַמַּפְקִיד דַּעְתּוֹ שֶׁאֵין רְצוֹנוֹ בְּכָךְ, כְּגוֹן שֶׁחֲתָמָן אוֹ קְשָרָן בְּקֶשֶׁר מְשֻׁנֶּה, אָז אֵין הַנִּפְקָד רַשַּׁאי לְהוֹצִיאָן

Someone who deposits money by a friend, now in these days that all our jobs are in buying and selling and we all need cash, the norm is that the depositor is willing to have the person responsible will take it out [for his own use] when he needs it. Therefore, he may take the deposit out, and it is with him like a loan — unless the depositor revealed that he did not want it. Such as if he sealed it in, or tied them with a unique knot; then the responsible party may not take it out [for his own use].

ב: הַמַּפְקִיד שְׁאָר חֵפֶץ אֵצֶל חֲבֵרוֹ, אָסוּר לְהַנִּפְקָד לְהִשְּׁתַּמֵּשׁ בְּחֵפֶץ זֶה לְצָרְכּוֹ. וְאַף-עַל-פִּי שֶׁאֵין הַחֵפֶץ מִתְקַלְקֵל כְּלָל בְּתַשְׁמִישׁ זֶה, מִכָּל מָקוֹם הֲוֵי שׁוֹאֵל שֶׁלֹּא מִדָּעַת. וְשׁוֹאֵל שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעַת, גַּזְלָן הוּא. וְאִם יָדוּעַ בְּבֵרוּר שֶׁאֵין הַמַּפְקִיד מַקְפִּיד עָלָיו, מֻתָּר. וְיֵשׁ אוֹסְרִין גַּם בָּזֶה, מִשּׁוּם דְּפִקָּדוֹן אֲפִלּוּ בְדָבָר שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ בְּנֵי אָדָם לְהַקְפִּיד, אָסוּר, מִשּׁוּם דַּהֲוֵי שׁוֹלֵחַ יָד בַּפִּקָּדוֹן גַּם בִּכְהַאי גַּוְנָא. וְיֵשׁ לְהַחְמִיר

Someone who deposits another item [as opposed to the money discussed in the previous se’if], the responsible party may not use this item for his own needs. Even if the item would not get damaged at all by this use, in any case, it would be [an instance of] borrowing without [the owner’s] knowledge. One who borrows without [their] knowledge is a thief. But if he knows for sure that the depositor doesn’t care about it — it is permitted. Although some prohibit even in this [case], since a deposit  — even of something people don’t normally deposit — is prohibited, because one who sends a hand to a deposit also similarly [a thief]. And there is [good reason] to be stringent.

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