Tefillah Meanings: Three Kinds of Requests
In the previous post, I reduced the list of 13 requests in the weekday Shemoneh Esrei to four sets of three (plus the one added later into the third set): Requests for each person – (1) spiritual and (2) physical, and the Jewish People as a whole – (3) for government and justice, with which we can (4) fully realize being a holy nation.
In this post, I want to look within each set, because I think there is a pattern. The first berakhah for each area is asking Hashem to provide the ideal “space” in which we can obtain it. The second in each ask for a restoration. And in the third, we ask for the actual realization and culmination in that section’s domain.

Let me explain by running down all thirteen berakhos:
- Requests for Each Person:
- Spiritual:
- Space – Chonein haDaas: We ask for Daas because it is only through thought and emotion that we can engage in healing and improving our connection to our higher purpose.
- Restoration – HaRotzeh biTeshuvah — who “Desires” repentence. Aside for teshuvah obviously is about working our way back to spirituality, the berakhah even starts with the word “Hashiveinu – Cause us to return!”
- Fulfillment – Selach Lanu: after Hashem’s help refining our Da’as, and our own Teshuvah, we can ask for Hashem to actually forgive us.
- Physical:
- Space –Go’el Yisrael: We ask for a redemption from our suffering, and our place of suffering. Which then gives us the room to actually improve our physical states.
- Restoration – Refa’einu: Restoring health and each person’s physical state.
- Fulfillment – Mevareikh haShanim: The culmination of physical success, financially thriving and having a productive year.
- Spiritual:
- Requests for the Jewish People as a unit
- Government and Justice:
- Space –Meaqbeitz Nidchei Amo Yisrael: “blow the shofar for our freedom, gather our exiled”, so that we can start our own country and re-impliment our government and system of justice.
- Restoration (a)- Tzaqah uMishpat: another berakhah that opens “Hashivah — restore our justices as before…”, the executors of national justice.
(b)- VeLamalshinim: punishing the wicked to rid the world of evil. Again, repair. We might have categorized this berakhah as a pair with rewarding the righteous. But I thought it belongs here, as getting rid of evil isn’t part of the final state. It’s a necessary step for getting there. - Fulfillment – Al haTzadiqim: After we achieve justice, and the wicked have been addressed, we would like to see good being rewarded. The ultimate Justice — when it becomes indistinguishable from Lovingkindness.
- Spiritual Redemption:
- Space – Bonei Yerushalayim: Home of the Beis haMiqdash, clearly the “space” for our national spiritual redemption.
- Restoration – Matzmiach Qeren Yeshuvah: in this berakah we ask for a restoration of Davidic rule. We end “who causes the power of redemption to sprout.” But we are still at laying the context for our spiritual, not the final flowering.
- Fulfillment – Shomei Tefillah: With full spiritual redemption comes the opportunity for free dialog with the Almighty. Now when we pray we only take it on faith that there is a Divine Response. But in the future, with a spiritually (not “just” physically) rebuilt Yerushalayim, and a Beis haMiqdash, we will be able to experience it. Which is why this berakhah is a good segue to Retzei, which moves on from Hashem accepting our prayer to speaking about the Avodah in the Beis haMiqash as well.
- Government and Justice:
I often find myself counting the groups on one hand, and the step within the group on the other, so that I am paying attention to the progression.
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