Salt and Honey
Why does every qorban have salt, but you aren’t allowed to offer anything with honey?
Salt is used to enhance existing flavors. Honey is used to change them to something sweeter.
3- Vayiqra / Ta`amei haMitzvos
by Micha Berger · Published March 25, 2026 – ז׳ בניסן תשפ״ו · Last modified March 25, 2026
Why does every qorban have salt, but you aren’t allowed to offer anything with honey?
Salt is used to enhance existing flavors. Honey is used to change them to something sweeter.
“לַיְּהוּדִ֕ים הָֽיְתָ֥ה אוֹרָ֖ה וְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וְשָׂשֹׂ֖ן וִיקָֽר׃
The Jews enjoyed light and joy, happiness and glory.”
The gemara explains that … Orah means Torah, Simcha is Yom Tov, Sason is Beris Milah, and Yeqar – Tefillin.
So then I had to ask: Why doesn’t the pasuq just get to the point and say, “ליהודים היתה תורה, יום טוב, מילה ותפילין”? Why use code words?
Holidays / Tefillah / Teshuvah
by Micha Berger · Published September 30, 2025 – ח׳ בתשרי תשפ״ו · Last modified October 27, 2025
A central facet of Judaism is that we are all interconnected. That my existence gets value from my ability to be of benefit to others. But that interconnectedness isn’t an unmitigated positive. It can be abused. We can use it to hurt others. Or to corrupt them.
Perhaps this is why Chazal associated הִרְשַֽׁעְנוּ – making others evil – with the connecting -וְ. Rather than being arbitrary, it was the natural sin to confess when the word “and” comes to mind.
The week after Pesach, it’s hard to obtain yeast. Sourdough was gotten rid of before the holiday. Fleischman didn’t invent a way to make dry active yeast yet. You had to get rid of all your starter dough.
Easiest thing to do is skim the yeast off of beer. (The term for this yeast layer is “barm”, for what it’s worth.) Problem is, that’s way too much. So, you put some metal into the dough, as metal slows down yeast. Likely a key — right size, handy.
by Micha Berger · Published September 7, 2023 – כ״א באלול תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
Dear R Dr Bryode (Cc: Avodah),
Over Shabbos, I read your article about getting ChatGPT to discuss whether a kohein in a same-sex marriage may go up to duchen….
First, a large language model isn’t an AI in the sense of having a good representation of what it is talking about. Words are assigned strings of numbers, vectors, that do correlate to the word’s usage. So that king minus male will bring you to a similar vector as queen minus female. And GPT has a system for using context to distinguish the uses of the word “flies” in
“Time flies like an arrow, but
fruit flies like bananas.”
by Micha Berger · Published July 27, 2023 – ט׳ באב תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
The chaburah at Zelmele’s Kloiz is now learning Derashos haRan, the third derashah. I wanted to continue a conversation we had there, in light of today being Tish’ah beAv. The following is based on...
4- Bamidbar / Anavah / Clothing
by Micha Berger · Published June 23, 2023 – ד׳ בתמוז תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
The Medrash about Qorach rhetorically asking of Moshe why a tallis that is made of tekheiles would need one more tekheiles thread for tzitzis ties the mitzvah of tzitzis to the next story in the Chumash – Qorach. The words of the parashah about tzitzis tie it to a slightly earlier story – the meraglim. ,,,
by Micha Berger · Published May 18, 2023 – כ״ז באייר תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
[A] custom arose, as recorded by the Radvaz, to come to Nabi Samwil, the traditionally identified location of his gravesite, tonight, on his yahrzeit. A bit north of Yerushalayim. And there children would get their first haircuts. When Shemu’el was weened, he was sent to the Mishkan to live. And he was a nazir, who did not cut his hair his entire life. So there is a logical connection between Shemu’el haNavi and haircuts. Also moved into the Mishkan after he was weened and he grew up there, thus giving the navi a connection to toddlers turning into boys, as well.
When Moshe counts the Jews, each man of military age contributes a half-sheqel … One of the Ran’s themes in his first derashah is the idea that a compound will generally be superior to the components. … The Ran continues that what is true for elements and compounds is true for individuals and the community. … There is a similar theme to the step of Yachatz in the Seder.
Anavah / Bitachon / Holidays / Yir`ah
by Micha Berger · Published December 22, 2022 – כ״ח בכסלו תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
Don’t picture a single jar of oil found amidst the rubble. The Beis haMiqdash wasn’t trashed, it was perverted into a Temple of Zeus. … That single jar oil needed to be searched for because it had been hidden. Who hid it?
by Micha Berger · Published December 21, 2022 – כ״ז בכסלו תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
So, Adam saw the return of darkness, the same darkness the opening medrash identified with the spiritual decimation attempted by the Hellenists in the years before Chanukah. He mourned and fasted for 8 days. We have 8 days, but with an opposite theme — mourning and fasting are prohibited, and praise and gratitude dominate. And in both cases, the message was only seen in retrospect, the next year.
There is one major difference: Adam concluded that the darkness and the return of light was just “the natural cycle”. In Chanukah, we initiated the light manually, and Hashem responded with a miracle. Where Adam saw Hashem’s Light in nature, we see Him bestowing it in a covenantal union with us.
Adam was the start of this world. The Jewish People were given the Torah, handed a burning torch, to bring light to the world that follows.
Audio / Dei`os / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Torah as Growth / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published September 28, 2022 – ג׳ בתשרי תשפ״ג · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (Sep 28th, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah chaburah discussed Rav Wolbe’s essay titled “Frumkeit”, found in Alei Shur vol II, pp 152-155. (Warning: he actually comes out against!)
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published September 21, 2022 – כ״ה באלול תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday nights (September 14th and 21st, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah completed our study of Rav Dessler’s Qunterus haChessed.
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published September 7, 2022 – י״א באלול תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (August 24th, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah continued our study of Rav Dessler’s Qunterus haChessed chapters 4 through 6 (pp. 35-39)…. This week we saw how …[g]iving leads to love, far more than the other way around.
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published August 31, 2022 – ד׳ באלול תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (August 24th, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah continued our study of Rav Dessler’s Qunterus haChessed chapters 4 through 6 (pp. 35-39)…. This week we saw how …[g]iving leads to love, far more than the other way around.
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published August 24, 2022 – כ״ז באב תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (August 24th, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah continued our study of Rav Dessler’s Qunterus haChessed chapters 4 through 6 (pp. 35-39)…. This week we saw how …[g]iving leads to love, far more than the other way around.
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published August 17, 2022 – כ׳ באב תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (August 17th, 2022) the Beyond Meaningful Relationship – Relationshipful Meaning chaburah started our study of Rav Dessler’s Qunterus haChessed ,,, chapters 1 through 3 (pp. 32-35). In them, Rav Dessler talks about the potentials in a person for nesinah and netilah — giving and taking. These potentials have more to do with attitude and motive than the actual action…
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published August 10, 2022 – י״ג באב תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Wednesday night (August 10th, 2022) we completed our study of both versions of Rabbi Shlomo Wolbe’s essay Olam haYedidus. … [It] concludes with a discussion of zarus (estrangement) and akhzarius (cruelty,which Rav Dessler explains as a contraction of akh-zariyus – an extreme estangement). Our alienation from other people, from G-d and even our “need” to stay busy and never have to build a relationship with ourselves. Something to think about when singing “Mah yedidus menukhaseikh — How much affection inheres in your rest!” at the Shabbos table!
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published August 3, 2022 – ו׳ באב תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
The Beyond Meaningful Relationships – Relationshipful Meaning series at the kloiz meets on Wednesday nights at 8pm EDT. If you missed anything or just want to join mid-stream, there are always the posts in...
Ahavah / Audio / Ta`amei haMitzvos / Zelmele's Kloiz
by Micha Berger · Published July 27, 2022 – כ״ח בתמוז תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
The Beyond Meaningful Relationships – Relationshipful Meaning series at the kloiz meets on Wednesday nights at 8pm EDT. Even if you missed the discussion so far, this week was a great time to start!...
by Micha Berger · Published December 24, 2021 – כ׳ בטבת תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
A post on Facebook by Jeremy Phillips raised the question of why Hashem chose a vigilante to be His lawgiver. He got me thinking. Hashem even lauds Moshe’s vigilantism in the Torah when he...
by Micha Berger · Published November 29, 2021 – כ״ה בכסלו תשפ״ב · Last modified October 27, 2025
Any exploration of the Aruch HaShulchan must first consider this question: Is halacha a set of rules that we follow or the system by which we reach those rulings?
by Micha Berger · Published June 21, 2021 – י״א בתמוז תשפ״א · Last modified October 27, 2025
The following is based on an article by Rav Mordechai Yehuah Leiv Zaks in no. 27 vol. 6 (1953) of HaPardeis. (H/T Eruv Online blog.) All of our community eiruvin rely on Rashi’s opinion...
by Micha Berger · Published February 24, 2021 – י״ב באדר תשפ״א · Last modified October 27, 2025
by Micha Berger · Published December 18, 2020 – ג׳ בטבת תשפ״א · Last modified October 27, 2025
Rashi writes on Bamidbar 30:2: “Zeh haDavar — This is the Idea“: Moshe gave nevu’ah with “Koh amar Hashem — Like this said Hashem, ‘Like in the middle of the night’” (Shemos 11, about...
by Micha Berger · Published September 17, 2020 – כ״ח באלול תש״פ · Last modified October 27, 2025
There is a new, slightly enlarged, version of my reader for Aseres Yemei Tehuvah for 5781, suitable for putting that wandering mind to work while in shul. Contents: Spiritual Planning………………………………………………………… 1 9/11 and How...
Other-Focused O / Other-Focused Orthodoxy / Ta`amei haMitzvos
by Micha Berger · Published June 23, 2020 – א׳ בתמוז תש״פ · Last modified October 27, 2025
Rav Shimon Shkop gives a very inter-personal view of Judaism, writing that the we were made “וְחַיֵּי עולָם נָטַע בְּתוכֵנוּ — and eternal life was planted among us” (quoting the berakhah‘s description of the...
by Micha Berger · Published April 7, 2020 – י״ג בניסן תש״פ · Last modified October 27, 2025
I think many discussions of the gemara about rice not producing chameitz head in the wrong direction. The definition of chameitz isn’t entirely scientific. After all, if you mix wheat flour with 100% apple...
by Micha Berger · Published April 2, 2020 – ח׳ בניסן תש״פ · Last modified October 27, 2025
I was very “into” Rav Hirsch’s worldview as a bachur. The symbol system explains so much. Don’t mix meat and milk because for an animal, the only creativity is procreativity, it’s in who it...
by Micha Berger · Published September 26, 2019 – כ״ו באלול תשע״ט · Last modified October 27, 2025
אמר רבי יהודה משום רבי עקיבא … אמר הקדוש ברוך הוא: … ואמרו לפני בראש השנה מלכיות זכרונות ושופרות. מלכיות: כדי שתמליכוני עליכם. זכרונות: כדי שיעלה זכרוניכם לפני לטובה. ובמה? בשופר. Rabbi Yehudah said...
by Micha Berger · Published August 28, 2019 – כ״ז באב תשע״ט · Last modified October 27, 2025
(This article originally appeared on Torah Musings, and the improved readability over my usual fare is due to the deft hand of Rabbi Gil Student. For which I’m very grateful.)
by Micha Berger · Published August 21, 2019 – כ׳ באב תשע״ט · Last modified October 27, 2025
1. The Setup A discussion on Facebook made me realize that my own attitude toward halakhah is quite different than Rav Hershel Schachter’s. If I thought there was only one right approach, I’d bet...
by Micha Berger · Published April 17, 2019 – י״ב בניסן תשע״ט · Last modified October 27, 2025
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